Asphalt

Asphalt mixtures vary in composition and properties depending on their intended use. The main types include:

• Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) - Most common type, applied at 300-350°F
• Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) - Applied at lower temperatures (250-275°F)
• Cold Mix Asphalt - Can be applied at ambient temperatures
• Porous Asphalt - Allows water to drain through the surface
• Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) - Durable mixture with high stone content for heavy traffic areas
• Mastic Asphalt - Hard-wearing, water-resistant asphalt used for special applications

Each type has specific advantages, limitations, and ideal applications. The choice depends on climate conditions, traffic volume, budget constraints, and environmental considerations.

Choosing the right asphalt thickness is crucial for durability and performance. General guidelines:

Factors that may require adjustments to thickness include:

• Soil conditions and subgrade stability
• Climate and freeze-thaw cycles
• Expected traffic loads and volumes
• Drainage considerations
• Budget constraints

Professional engineering assessment is recommended for large or critical applications.

Asphalt density affects both the performance and material requirements of your project. The standard density used in our asphalt calculator (110 lbs/sq yd/in) is based on industry averages for compacted hot mix asphalt.

Factors affecting density include:

• Aggregate type and size distribution
• Binder content
• Compaction level
• Temperature during installation
• Mix design

Typical Density Values by Mix Type:

For specialized mixes, use our custom density option or consult your material supplier for specific values.

Our asphalt calculator uses the following formulas:

Metric Calculations:

Conversion Factors:

• 1 sq yd = 0.836 m²
• 1 inch = 2.54 cm
• 1 lb/sq yd/in ≈ 0.542 kg/m²/cm
• 1 ton (short) = 0.907 metric tons

Modern asphalt practices increasingly incorporate environmental considerations:

Sustainable Options:

• Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) - Utilizes reclaimed asphalt, reducing virgin material needs
• Warm Mix Asphalt - Requires less energy to produce than traditional hot mix
• Porous/Permeable Asphalt - Improves stormwater management and reduces runoff
• Cool Pavement Technology - Reduces heat island effects in urban areas

Environmental Benefits:

When planning your project, consider discussing sustainable options with your contractor. Many environmentally friendly alternatives are also cost-effective over the long term.

Proper installation is critical for asphalt performance and longevity. Key best practices include: